Micronano-chip Electrokinetics

Micronanofluidic Chips Have Found Increasing Applications In The Analysis Of Chemical And Biological Samples Over The Past Two Decades. Electrokinetics Has Become The Method Of Choice In These Micronano-chips For Transporting, Manipulating And Sensing Ions, (bio)molecules, Fluids And (bio)particles, Etc., Due To The High Maneuverability, Scalability, Sensitivity, And Integrability. The Involved Phenomena, Which Cover Electroosmosis, Electrophoresis, Dielectrophoresis, Electrohydrodynamics, Electrothermal Flow, Diffusioosmosis, Diffusiophoresis, Streaming Potential, Current, Etc., Arise From Either The Inherent Or The Induced Surface Charge On The Solid-liquid Interface Under Dc Andor Ac Electric Fields.